RAG Data Poisoning: Key Concepts Explained
AI systems are under attack - and this time, it's their knowledge base that's being targeted. A new security threat called data poisoning lets attackers manipulate AI responses by corrupting the very documents these systems rely on for accurate information.
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was designed to make AI smarter by connecting language models to external knowledge sources. Instead of relying solely on training data, RAG systems can pull in fresh information to provide current, accurate responses. With over 30% of enterprise AI applications now using RAG, it's become a key component of modern AI architecture.
But this powerful capability has opened a new vulnerability. Through data poisoning, attackers can inject malicious content into knowledge databases, forcing AI systems to generate harmful or incorrect outputs.
These attacks are remarkably efficient - research shows that just five carefully crafted documents in a database of millions can successfully manipulate AI responses 90% of the time.